1. The main symptoms of hives are:
a. local pain, pale local edema and itching
b. local pain, erythema and itching
c. local edema, erythema and itching*
d. local edema, pain and erythema

2. Pathoanatomical changes in urticaria are in:
a. the upper layers of the dermis*
b. the upper layers of the hypodermis
c. lower regions of the hypodermis
d. the lower layers of the dermis and the upper layers of the hypodermis

3. The duration of exposure of hives should be:
a. to 3 days
b. from 24 to 48 hours*
c. 1 week
d. 4 days

4. Urticaria rashes (hives) appear:
a. on the torso
b. on the torso and limbs
c. all over the body*
d. on the torso and limbs, but without affecting the face

5. Urticaria is often combined with:
a. hypertension
b. fever
c. angioedema*
d. gastrointestinal disorders

6. When pressing the weals:
a. disappears briefly*
b. permanent disappearance
c. change their size

7. In case of persistence of urticaria complaints for more than 6 weeks, it is:
a. chronic spontaneous urticarial*
b. Churg- Strauss syndrome
c. acute spontaneous urticaria
d. mastocytosis

8. The main group of medicines to start treatment of urticaria are:
a. oral corticosteroids
b. antihistamines*
c. leukotriene antagonists
d. local corticosteroids

9. If urticaria does not respond to standard therapy with antihistamines the 3rd generation (1 tablet/day) proceed to the following scheme:
a. antihistamines are stopped and corticosteroid therapy is started
b. increase the dose of the corresponding antihistamine of the 3rd generation - 4 tablets / day for 7 days.*
c.the standard therapy with 3rd generation antihistamines is continued and the patient is left on a strict hypoallergenic diet.

10. The size and shape of the rashes in chronic spontaneous urticaria:
a. differ in size and shape from those in acute spontaneous urticaria
c. there is no difference*
s. depends on concomitant diseases
e. depends on the duration of the urticarial

11. Itching in urticaria is due to:
a. activation of H1 receptors by histamine*
b. of local edema
c. the action of the released protease inhibitors
d. of increased permeability of blood vessels

12. The most common mechanism for acute urticaria is:
a. IgE-mediated reaction*
b. is due to antibodies against IgE receptors
c. is due to nonspecific activation of H1 receptors
d. unidentified

13. Urticaria can most often be confused with:
a. mastocytosis
c. atopic dermatitis
v. urticaria vasculitis*

14. Angioedema can develop:
a. all over the skin and mucous membranes*
b. only in the mucosal area
c. skin only
d. in the area of connective tissue

15. The clinical symptoms of angioedema are:
a. erythematous edema, accompanied by itching and burning, persisting for about 12 hours
b. pale swelling, accompanied by pain rather than itching, persisting for 1 to 3 days
c. pale edema with itching *
d. erythematous edema persisting several hours

16. Angioedemaisoftenclinicallycombinedwith:
a. urticaria*
b. gastrointestinaldisorders
c. increaseinbloodpressure
d. diffuseitching

17. Inangioedemaoftheupperrespiratorytractaccompaniedbyinspiratorydyspnea, thefirstdrugfortreatmentis:
a. adrenaline*
b. corticosteroids
c. antihistamineantagonists
d. leukotrieneantagonists

18. Hereditary angioedema is due to:
a. 11 beta hydroxylase deficiency
b. C1 esterase inhibitordeficiency*
c. 5 alpha reductase deficiency

19. Treatment of hereditary angioedema can be performed with:
a. parenteral corticosteroids and antihistamines
b. parenteralsympathomimetics, corticosteroids and antihistamines
c. infusion of fresh isogroup plasma*
d. aqueous salt restitution, high dosescorticosteroids and sympathomimetics

20. Hereditary angioedema:
a. is an independent illness*
b. is combined with another genetic disease
c. is combined with atopy
e. is combined with autoimmune disease

21. Before surgery, a patient with hereditary angioedema should be treated:
a. corticosteroids should be injected 2 hours before surgery
b. inject corticosteroids and antihistamines 2 hours before surgery
c. 2 hours before surgery to infuse fresh isogroup plasma*

22. Hereditary angioedema occurs in:
a. men
b. women
c. in both sexes*

23. Is it possible for the clinical manifestation of hereditary agioedema to mimic an acute surgical abdomen:
a. yes*
b. no
c. depends on the age of the patient

24. Atopic dermatitis is characterized by:
a. dry and itchy skin and eczema changes in the exacerbation phase*
b. dry and itchy skin with diffuse macular rash
c. moist skin and eczematous changes
d. dry and itchy skin with transient papular rashes

25. Atopic dermatitis is:
a. family genetically determined*
b. due to a spontaneous genetic mutation
c. autoimmune disease
d. the etiology is unknown

26. Atopic dermatitis is usually clinically manifested by:
a. in infancy*
b. in childhood
c. in the teenage age
d. in adulthood

27. Atopic dermatitis is often combined with:
a. allergic rhinitis*
b. urticaria
c. angioedema
d. mastocytosis

28. Theclinicalmanifestationsofatopicdermatitisindifferentagegroups:
a.usuallyhavedifferentpredilectionzones*
b. thereisnodifferenceinthedifferentages
c. dependongender
d. dependonconcomitantdiseases

29. Dryskininpatientswithatopicdermatitisisdueto:
a. brokenconnectionbetweenthe keratocytes
b. increasedtransepidermalwaterloss (TWL)*
s. theactionofhistamine
e. theactionof TNF alpha

30. The main groups of drugs for the treatment of atopic dermatitis are:
a. oral and topical antihistamines
b. topical corticosteroids and oral antihistamines*
c. oral antihistamines and oral corticosteroids
d. topical corticosteroids and leukotriene antagonists

31. The main medical tools for preventing atopic dermatitis are:
a. topical corticosteroids
d. topical antihistamines
c.emulients*
d. the regime of physical activity

32. Patients with atopic dermatitis should avoid:
a. prolonged stay in a dry air environment*
b. cotton underwear
c. prolonged stay in a humid air environment